Ekwakhiweni kwesistimu yesiteshi samandla e-photovoltaic, isilinganiso somthamo ofakiwe wamamojula we-photovoltaic kumthamo olinganiselwe we-inverter yi-DC/AC Power Ratio,
Okuyipharamitha yokuklama ebaluleke kakhulu.Ku "Photovoltaic Power Generation System Efficiency Standard" ekhishwe ngo-2012, isilinganiso somthamo siklanyelwe ngokusho kwe-1: 1, kodwa ngenxa yethonya lezimo zokukhanya nokushisa, amamojula we-photovoltaic awakwazi ukufinyelela amandla okuzisholo isikhathi esiningi, kanye ne-inverter ngokuyisisekelo Zonke zisebenza ngaphansi komthamo ogcwele, futhi isikhathi esiningi sisesigabeni sokumosha umthamo.
Esilinganisweni esikhishwe ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba 2020, isilinganiso somthamo wezitshalo zamandla we-photovoltaic sakhululwa ngokugcwele, futhi isilinganiso esiphezulu sezingxenye nama-inverters sifinyelele ku-1.8:1. Izinga elisha lizokwandisa kakhulu isidingo sasekhaya sezingxenye nama-inverters. Inganciphisa izindleko zikagesi futhi isheshise ukufika kwenkathi ye-photovoltaic parity.
Leli phepha lizothatha uhlelo olusabalalisiwe lwe-photovoltaic e-Shandong njengesibonelo, futhi lihlaziye ngombono wamandla wangempela okukhipha amamojula we-photovoltaic, isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukunikezwa ngokweqile, kanye nomnotho.
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Umkhuba wokunikezwa ngokweqile kwamaphaneli elanga
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Njengamanje, isilinganiso sokunikezwa ngokweqile kwezitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic emhlabeni siphakathi kuka-120% no-140%. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuhlinzekwa ngokweqile ukuthi amamojula e-PV awakwazi ukufinyelela amandla aphezulu aphezulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwangempela. Izinto ezinomthelela zihlanganisa:
1).Ukuqina kwemisebe enganele (ubusika)
2).Izinga lokushisa le-ambient
3).Ukuvimba Ukungcola Nothuli
4).Umumo wemojuli yelanga awulungile usuku lonke (abakaki bokulandelela banesici esingaphansi)
5) Ukuncipha kwemojuli yelanga: 3% ngonyaka wokuqala, 0.7% ngonyaka ngemuva kwalokho.
6).Ukufanisa ukulahlekelwa ngaphakathi naphakathi kwezintambo zamamojula elanga
Amajika okukhiqiza amandla nsuku zonke anezilinganiso ezihlukene zokunikezwa ngokweqile
Eminyakeni yamuva, isilinganiso sokunikezwa ngokweqile kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic sibonise umkhuba okhulayo.
Ngaphezu kwezizathu zokulahlekelwa kwesistimu, ukwehla okuqhubekayo kwezintengo zezingxenye eminyakeni yamuva kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-inverter kuye kwaholela ekwandeni kwenani lezintambo ezingaxhunywa, okwenza ukunikezwa ngokweqile kube ukonga kakhulu. , ukunikezwa ngokweqile kwezingxenye kunganciphisa izindleko zikagesi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise izinga langaphakathi lokubuyisela iphrojekthi, ngakho-ke ikhono lokulwa nengozi lokutshalwa kwezimali kwephrojekthi liyakhula.
Ukwengeza, amamojula we-photovoltaic anamandla aphezulu abe umkhuba oyinhloko ekuthuthukiseni imboni ye-photovoltaic kulesi sigaba, okwandisa ngokwengeziwe amathuba okunikezwa ngokweqile kwezingxenye kanye nokwanda komthamo ofakiwe we-photovoltaic yasendlini.
Ngokusekelwe ezicini ezingenhla, ukunikezwa ngokweqile kuye kwaba umkhuba wokuklama iphrojekthi ye-photovoltaic.
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Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezindleko
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Ukuthatha isiteshi samandla se-photovoltaic sasendlini esingu-6kW esitshalwe umnikazi njengesibonelo, amamojula we-LONGi 540W, avame ukusetshenziswa emakethe esabalalisiwe, akhethiwe. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi isilinganiso sikagesi esingama-20 kWh singaphehlwa ngosuku, futhi amandla onyaka okukhiqiza amandla angaba ngu-7,300 kWh.
Ngokusho kwemingcele kagesi yezingxenye, ukusebenza kwamanje kwendawo yokusebenza ephezulu yi-13A. Khetha i-inverter evamile i-GoodWe GW6000-DNS-30 emakethe. Ubuningi bamanje bokufakwayo bale inverter ngu-16A, obungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nemakethe yamanje. izingxenye zamanje eziphezulu. Kuthathwa inani elimaphakathi leminyaka engu-30 lesamba semisebe yonyaka yezisetshenziswa zokukhanya eDolobheni lase-Yantai, eSifundazweni SaseShandong njengereferensi, kwahlaziywa amasistimu ahlukahlukene anezilinganiso ezihlukene ze-over-proportion.
2.1 ukusebenza kahle kohlelo
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunikezwa ngokweqile kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yokwanda kwenani lamamojula elanga ohlangothini lwe-DC, ukulahlekelwa okufanayo kwamamojula elanga entanjeni yelanga kanye nokulahlekelwa Ukukhuphuka komugqa we-DC, ngakho-ke kukhona isilinganiso esifanele samandla, kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kohlelo. Ngemva kokulingiswa kwe-PVsyst, ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu ngaphansi kwezilinganiso zamandla ezihlukene zohlelo lwe-6kVA kungatholakala. Njengoba kuboniswe kuthebula elingezansi, lapho isilinganiso samandla singaba ngu-1.1, ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu kufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu, okusho futhi ukuthi izinga lokusebenzisa izingxenye liphezulu kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi.
Ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla ngonyaka ngezilinganiso zamandla ahlukene
2.2 Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nemali engenayo
Ngokokusebenza kahle kwesistimu ngaphansi kwezilinganiso ezihlukene zokunikezwa okwengeziwe kanye nezinga lokubola kwethiyori lamamojula eminyakeni engama-20, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla onyaka ngaphansi kwezilinganiso ezihlukene zokunikeza amandla kungatholakala. Ngokwenani likagesi otholakala kugridi engu-0.395 yuan/kWh (intengo kagesi eyisilinganiso samalahle asuswe yi-desulfurized e-Shandong), imali engenayo yonyaka yokuthengiswa kukagesi iyabalwa. Imiphumela yokubala ikhonjiswe kuthebula elingenhla.
2.3 Ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko
Izindleko yilokho abasebenzisi bamaphrojekthi we-photovoltaic yasendlini abakhathazeke kakhulu ngakho.Phakathi kwabo, amamojula we-photovoltaic kanye nama-inverters yizinto eziyinhloko zemishini, nezinye izinto ezisizayo ezifana namabakaki e-photovoltaic, izinto zokuvikela kanye nezintambo, kanye nezindleko ezihlobene nokufakwa kwephrojekthi. ukwakhiwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzisi nabo badinga ukucabangela izindleko zokugcina izitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic. Izindleko zokunakekela ezimaphakathi zibalelwa ku-1% kuya ku-3% wesamba sezindleko zokutshala. Ezindlekweni eziphelele, amamojula we-photovoltaic afinyelela cishe ku-50% kuya ku-60%. Ngokusekelwe ezintweni zezindleko zezindleko ezingenhla, inani lamanje leyunithi yezindleko zasendlini ze-photovoltaic cishe njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuthebula elilandelayo:
Izindleko Ezilinganiselwe Zezinhlelo Zokuhlala ze-PV
Ngenxa yezilinganiso ezihlukene zokunikezwa ngokweqile, izindleko zesistimu nazo zizohluka, okuhlanganisa izingxenye, abakaki, izintambo ze-DC, nezindleko zokufaka. Ngokwethebula elingenhla, izindleko zezilinganiso ezihlukene zokunikezwa ngokweqile zingabalwa, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi.
Izindleko Zesistimu, Izinzuzo kanye Nempumelelo Ngaphansi Kwezilinganiso Ezihlukene Zokunikeza Ngokuqile
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Ukuhlaziywa kwenzuzo ekhuphukayo
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Kungabonakala ekuhlaziyeni okungenhla ukuthi nakuba ukuphehlwa kukagesi ngonyaka kanye nemali engenayo kuzokhuphuka ngokunyuka kwesilinganiso sokuhlinzekwa ngokweqile, izindleko zokutshala izimali nazo zizokhuphuka. Ukwengeza, ithebula elingenhla libonisa ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu Kuhle kakhulu izikhathi ezingu-1.1 uma kubhanqiwe.Ngakho-ke, ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, ukukhuluphala okungu-1.1x kulungile.
Kodwa-ke, ngokombono wabatshalizimali, akwanele ukucabangela ukuklama kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic kusuka kumbono wezobuchwepheshe. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlaziya umthelela wokwaba ngokweqile emalini engenayo yokutshalwa kwezimali ngokombono wezomnotho.
Ngokwezindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nemali engenayo yokuphehla amandla ngaphansi kwezilinganiso zamandla ezihlukene ezingenhla, izindleko ze-kWh zohlelo zeminyaka engu-20 kanye nezinga langaphakathi lentela lembuyiselo lingabalwa.
I-LCOE ne-IRR ngaphansi kwezilinganiso ezihlukene zokunikezwa ngokweqile
Njengoba kubonakala kulesi sibalo esingenhla, lapho isilinganiso sokwabiwa kwamandla sisincane, ukuphehlwa kwamandla kanye nemali engenayo yohlelo kuyanda ngokukhula kwesilinganiso sokwabiwa kwamandla, futhi imali engenayo eyengeziwe ngalesi sikhathi ingamboza izindleko ezengeziwe ngenxa yokudlula ukwaba.Uma isilinganiso samandla sikhulu kakhulu, izinga langaphakathi lokubuyiselwa kwesistimu liyehla kancane kancane ngenxa yezici ezifana nokwenyuka kancane kancane komkhawulo wamandla wengxenye eyengeziwe kanye nokwenyuka kokulahleka komugqa. Uma isilinganiso somthamo singu-1.5, izinga langaphakathi lembuyiselo ye-IRR yokutshalwa kwezimali kwesistimu likhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokombono wezomnotho, u-1.5:1 isilinganiso esiphezulu samandla salolu hlelo.
Ngokusebenzisa indlela efanayo naleyo engenhla, isilinganiso esiphezulu samandla esistimu ngaphansi kwamakhono ahlukene sibalwa ngokombono womnotho, futhi imiphumela imi kanje:
04
I-Epilogue
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Ngokusebenzisa idatha yensiza yelanga ye-Shandong, ngaphansi kwemibandela yezilinganiso ezihlukene zamandla, amandla okukhipha imodyuli ye-photovoltaic afinyelela ku-inverter ngemva kokulahleka abalwa. Uma isilinganiso samandla singu-1.1, ukulahlekelwa kwesistimu kukuncane kakhulu, futhi izinga lokusebenzisa ingxenye liphakeme kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi.Nokho, ngokombono wezomnotho, lapho isilinganiso samandla singu-1.5, imali engenayo yamaphrojekthi we-photovoltaic iphezulu kakhulu. . Lapho uklama uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic, hhayi kuphela izinga lokusebenzisa izingxenye ezingaphansi kwezici zobuchwepheshe okufanele zicatshangelwe, kodwa futhi umnotho uyisihluthulelo sokuklama iphrojekthi.Ngokwezibalo zezomnotho, i-8kW system 1.3 iyonga kakhulu uma isihlinzekwe ngokwedlulele, i-10kW system 1.2 iyonga kakhulu uma ine-provisione eyeqile, kanti eyi-15kW system 1.2 iyonga kakhulu uma isihlinzekwe ngokweqile. .
Uma indlela efanayo isetshenziswa ekubalweni kwezomnotho kwesilinganiso samandla embonini nasekuhwebeni, ngenxa yokwehliswa kwezindleko nge-watt ngayinye yohlelo, isilinganiso samandla esingcono ngokwezomnotho sizoba phezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yezizathu zemakethe, izindleko zezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic zizophinde zihluke kakhulu, okuzophinde kuthinte kakhulu ukubalwa kwesilinganiso somthamo olungile. Lesi futhi isizathu esiyisisekelo sokuthi kungani amazwe ahlukahlukene akhiphe imingcele mayelana nesilinganiso somthamo wokuklama wezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-28-2022